European countries are on high alert as cases of the deadly Brazilian ‘sloth fever’ have been reported, caused by the Oropouche virus transmitted through insect bites. Symptoms include headaches, muscle pain, nausea, and rashes, with severe cases leading to meningitis and encephalitis, and potentially being fatal. Pregnant women are at higher risk of complications. Italy and Spain have reported cases linked to travel to Cuba. Experts warn of a potential major outbreak and urge precautions to prevent insect bites. Expectant mothers are advised to reconsider travel plans to infected regions. There are currently no vaccines or specific treatments available for the virus.