A dentist has identified five warning signs of a concerning oral condition known as black hairy tongue, along with tips on how to manage it at home without requiring a dental visit. Despite the alarming name, black hairy tongue is typically harmless and easily treatable. Dr. Andrej Bozic, an oral surgeon at Dentum, emphasised the importance of recognising the signs, causes, and treatments of this condition for effective management.
Black hairy tongue (BHT) manifests as an abnormal coating on the top of the tongue, giving it a dark, hairy appearance due to elongated and stained papillae. This condition, affecting up to 13% of people at some point, is mainly prevalent among older adults, smokers, and those with poor oral hygiene. The key symptoms include a discoloured tongue, a furry or hairy texture, bad breath, altered taste, and a gagging sensation.
Dr. Bozic highlighted lifestyle factors such as poor oral hygiene, tobacco use, and diet lacking in fibrous foods as significant contributors to black hairy tongue. Staining of papillae by substances like tar, nicotine, and dark-coloured foods and drinks can lead to this condition. Medications, dry mouth conditions, and antibiotics can also elevate the risk. Treatment involves improving oral hygiene through regular brushing of teeth and tongue, quitting tobacco, adjusting diet with fibrous foods, staying hydrated, and using antibacterial mouthwash.
Maintaining a routine of good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups are essential for preventing and managing black hairy tongue. Dr. Bozic stressed that if the condition persists despite these measures or if symptoms worsen, seeking professional dental advice is crucial. In rare cases, black hairy tongue may indicate an underlying medical issue, making proper evaluation necessary.