A travel ban has been implemented as the death toll from an incurable virus reaches eight, with a high risk of further spread. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has identified 26 cases of Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) and confirmed eight deaths. Authorities are urgently trying to trace 300 individuals who may have had contact with the infected patients. The outbreak has been reported in Rwanda, with cases concentrated among healthcare workers in Kigali. The infected individuals are currently receiving treatment in hospitals, as there is no known treatment or vaccine for MVD.
The WHO has classified the risk of the outbreak as very high at a national level, high regionally, and low globally. Marburg virus, similar to Ebola, is transmitted through close contact with infected individuals or contaminated materials. The source of the current infections is still under investigation. Symptoms of MVD include high fever, severe headaches, malaise, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, haemorrhagic manifestations leading to fatal outcomes. The virus is believed to be initially contracted from Rousettus bats, found in mines or caves.
Past outbreaks of Marburg Virus Disease have been reported in neighbouring countries, posing a risk of international spread. The WHO advises against travel and trade restrictions with Rwanda but stresses the importance of early medical intervention for suspected cases. Despite ongoing research, there is currently no specific treatment or vaccine available for MVD. Contact tracing efforts continue in an attempt to contain the outbreak and prevent further casualties.
The genetic similarity of Marburg and Ebola viruses, both belonging to the Filoviridae family, raises concerns about the potential for rapid transmission among populations. Healthcare workers treating MVD patients are especially at risk of contracting the virus. Burial practices that involve direct contact with the deceased have also been identified as contributing to the spread of Marburg virus.
Given the severity of the situation, health authorities are working diligently to understand the source of the current outbreak and prevent its escalation. The cooperation between the Rwandan government, WHO, and partner organisations is crucial in managing the response to MVD. Public awareness campaigns are being conducted to educate communities on the symptoms of the disease and the importance of seeking medical care promptly. The global health community is closely monitoring the situation in Rwanda to prevent further loss of life and limit the spread of Marburg Virus Disease.